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We are starting to observe something interesting about the foraging behavioural patterns of our goats.

They seem to eat certain plants at certain times of the year.

Not randomly. Not indiscriminately, but in ways that appear to follow a seasonal rhythm we are only just beginning to notice.

For example, we have only ever observed our goats nibbling at Nerium Oleander during the hot summer months.


Nerium Oleander Botanic illustration

Even then, it is done carefully — a few leaves, taken slowly.

Never in quantity. Never with urgency, but still a surprise for us. Oleander is a popular garden hedgerow here on the Costa Blanca but everyone mentions the fact that it is toxic.


Oleander, a popular garden hedgerow in Costa Blanca Spain.

At this time of year — early spring — we do not see this behaviour at all.

We do not interpret this as instruction but it does invite a question:

What relationships with plants exist beyond what we understand?

Further along the path, another plant often catches the attention of visitors — its leaves soft, almost like a tulip, growing in quiet abundance.


Locally, it is called cebolla salvaje. Its botanical name is Drimia maritima.


Drimia maritima, botanic illustration

Here, the local message is clear and consistent: this is a dangerous plant.

And yet, in older medicinal traditions, it appears again — not as something casual or safe, but as something used with precision and deep knowledge.


Cebolla salvaje, considered toxic


There is another plant that thrives in disturbed ground, often where the soil is rich in nitrogen — a sign of past human or animal presence.

Datura stramonium.


Datura stramonium botanical illustration

Known locally as Manzana Espinosa or Thorn Apple.

Its reputation is strong, and rightly so. Across cultures, it carries warnings of danger, confusion, and harm.

But here too, the same pattern emerges:

a plant both feared and, historically, carefully understood.


Thorn apple plant Costa Blanca.


A Shared Human Pattern, Toxic Plants and Hidden Knowledge

Across landscapes and generations, communities have lived alongside powerful plants.

And often, two forms of knowledge developed together:

  • A public story — simple, clear, protective

  • A deeper knowledge — held carefully by those trained to use it

The story says: Do not touch this.

The knowledge says: There is more here, but it must be approached with care.

Both are true.


Both protect the community.


A Note of Care

We feel it is important to say this clearly:

  • This is not advice on medicinal use

  • Many of these plants can cause serious harm

  • We are walkers and observers, not herbalists

What we share here comes from walking the land, noticing patterns, and listening — not from practising plant medicine.


Walking the Line Between Story and Knowledge


Perhaps this is how communities have always lived with toxic plants —through a balance of story and hidden knowledge.

The story keeps people safe.

The knowledge, held carefully, serves when needed.

Walking through the valley, we are reminded that both still exist —

in the plants, in the animals, and in the quiet memory of the land.

 
 
 

At this time of year, the valley changes quietly.

Not all at once — but step by step, plant by plant.A colour here. A scent there. Something small that wasn’t there last week, now returning.

But before anything else, it is the scent that arrives first.


🍊 The Scent of the Lower Valleys

At the moment, all of the lower valleys are filled with the smell of orange blossom.

It drifts across terraces and paths, carried on the air in a way that is almost overwhelming at times — sweet, heavy, and unmistakable.

You can walk for some distance without seeing a single tree, and yet the scent is there, marking the season more clearly than anything visible.


🌼 What Is Emerging Along the Paths

On a gentle walk through the Parcent Valley this week, the first clear signs of spring are now visible:

  • Cistus albidus — soft pink rockrose, opening in the morning light

    Rockrose in April, Parcent valley, Spain.
  • Helichrysum stoechas — the yellow everlasting, releasing its warm, resinous scent as the day warms

  • Helichrysum stoechas in Parcent Valley, Spain, in April.
  • Aphyllanthes monspeliensis — fine blue flowers appearing unexpectedly among dry ground

  • Aphyllanthes monspeliensis in April, Parcent Valley, spain
  • Cytisus scoparius — early broom, bringing sudden flashes of yellow

  • Cytisus scoparius blooming in April, Parcent Valley Spain
  • Cistus monspeliensis — white rockrose, scattered lightly across the slopes

  • Cistus monspeliensis — white rockrose blooming in April, Parcent Valley, Spain

These are easy to miss if you are moving quickly.

But walking slowly — especially with the goats — changes what you see.


🌿 The Unexpected Oak

One of the most unusual discoveries this week was the Kermes oak (Quercus coccifera).

At first glance, it appears to be a small oak shrub with red berries.

But looking more closely, those “berries” are something else entirely.

They are galls, formed by the scale insect Kermes vermilio.Historically, these tiny structures were harvested to produce a rich crimson dye — one of the earliest natural reds used across the Mediterranean world.

They are also rich in tannins, with traditional uses in both medicine and tanning.

It is a reminder that this landscape is not only beautiful — it is deeply functional, shaped by centuries of human knowledge and use.

Kermes oak (Quercus coccifera) showing galls, April in Parcent Valley, Spain

🐐 What the Goats Are Teaching Us

The goats have begun to change their behaviour with the season.

Where winter browsing was broad and exploratory, their attention is now becoming more specific.

This week, they have returned repeatedly to the asparagus plants, now that the vegetable season has finished.

They move more slowly through certain areas, pausing, selecting, revisiting.

And in doing so, they draw our attention to what is changing — often before we would notice it ourselves.


🌱 A Landscape of Medicinal Knowledge

Walking through the valley at this time of year, it becomes clear that this is not simply wild growth.

Many of these plants have long histories of use:

  • aromatic shrubs

  • resinous flowers

  • tannin-rich species

  • edible and medicinal herbs

The landscape itself is, in many ways, a living medicinal garden.

And slowly, as we walk it each day, we are beginning to recognise the plants we once grew — not as cultivated specimens, but as part of a wider, natural system.


🌿 What Can You See on a Spring Walk in Costa Blanca’s Mountains

Spring in the Costa Blanca mountains does not arrive all at once.

It unfolds.

In scent before sight.


In small flowers before full colour.


In quiet changes that only become visible if you return, again and again.


🌿 The Phenology Note — Early Spring · Parcent Valley

  • Orange blossom scent strong across all valleys

  • Rockrose (pink and white) beginning to flower

  • Helichrysum releasing scent in warm areas

  • Aphyllanthes appearing in scattered clusters

  • Early broom (Cytisus scoparius) emerging

  • Kermes oak showing red galls (not berries)

  • Goats selectively feeding on asparagus plants


🌿 The Quiet Costa Blanca Series

This article is part of our Quiet Costa Blanca guide — a collection of articles exploring the quieter mountain landscapes of the Costa Blanca.

Explore the series:

  • Are There Eco-Friendly Activities in Costa Blanca?

  • Where Can I Find Calming Animal Companion Walks in Costa Blanca?

  • What Are Alternative Activities to Busy Tourist Attractions in Costa Blanca?

  • Where Can I Experience Real Nature in Costa Blanca?

  • Best Outdoor Activities for Families in Costa Blanca

  • What Can You See on a Spring Walk in Costa Blanca’s Mountains


Spring does not arrive all at once — it announces itself first in the air.


 
 
 

High above the quiet villages of the Marina Alta, the road of Coll de Rates climbs through limestone, wind, and light.

For cyclists it is one of the most famous ascents on the Costa Blanca.

For us, it is simply part of the landscape we live beside.

We cross the summit regularly — sometimes on bicycles, sometimes in a vehicle but mostly on foot — moving between the villages of Parcent, Tàrbena, and the surrounding valley.

Over time, this repeated passage began to reveal a structure.

Not a technical structure of gradients and hairpins, but something quieter — a sequence of moments that almost every rider experiences while climbing the road.

We began to think of the ascent not as a climb, but as a four-part movement.

From that observation, the Coll de Rates · Four Acts project was born.


The Coll de Rates viewing platform on the Costa Blanca
Stunning views from the Coll de Rates mirador

The Idea Behind the Project

Coll de Rates is one of the most photographed cycling roads in Spain.

But most images focus on performance — speed, effort, achievement.

Our interest was slightly different.

What does the road feel like?

What happens internally as a rider moves through the climb?

When we looked closely at the ascent from Parcent toward the summit, a pattern slowly emerged.

The climb seems to unfold in four distinct movements:

  1. Anticipation

  2. Endurance

  3. Exposure

  4. Release

These are not stages imposed on the road afterwards.

They are recognisable moments that appear naturally as the mountain reveals itself.

The mythology of the Coll de Rates mountain pass in the Quiet Costa Blanca
The mystic qualities of the mountain pass

Coll de Rates — The Four Acts


Act I — Anticipation

The road begins quietly.

It curves gently upward through terraces and limestone slopes. The body prepares without fully realising it. Effort has not yet arrived, but attention sharpens.

The climb has begun, though it does not yet declare itself.


act 1 of the Coll de Rates Art project in the Quiet Costa Blanca
Coll de Rates · Act I

Act II — Endurance

The gradient asserts itself. Progress becomes rhythmic, deliberate, sustained — until it is interrupted. Resistance appears. Forward motion is no longer assumed.

There is a point in this ascent where progress stops feeling continuous.

The road does not suddenly steepen. Instead, forward motion is quietly refused.

This is the wall every passage contains.

Here, resistance is not danger but obstruction. An old presence asserts itself — unmoved by effort, indifferent to intention. Today, this resistance is often embodied by the wild boar.

The boar does not threaten.


Act 2 of the Coll de Rates Art Project on the quiet Costa Blanca
Endurance, the wall, on the Coll de Rates

Act III — Exposure

As the summit approaches, the landscape opens.

The shelter of terraces disappears and the rider moves into rock, sky, and wind. The mountain feels larger here.

The climb becomes less about the road and more about the surrounding space.


Act 3 of the Coll de Rates Art project on the Quiet Costa Blanca
Act III, the rider is revealed rather than protected, Coll de Rates

Act IV — Release

Beyond the summit the road loosens its grip.

Shoulders drop. Breath deepens. The valley opens again below.

Whether descending toward Parcent or continuing toward the coast, the rider leaves the bottleneck and returns to movement.


act 4 of the Coll de rates Art project on the Quiet Costa Blanca
Breathe deeply and relax, Coll de Rates summit.

From Landscape to Studio

Over time, these four movements became the basis for a small studio project.

Each act of the climb was translated into a minimal black-and-white image, focusing on form, movement, and negative space rather than literal illustration.

The works were designed as limited studio prints and organic cotton garments.

Rather than traditional cycling graphics, the intention was to create something closer to portable art objects — quiet references to a landscape that many riders know intimately.

The project is called:

Coll de Rates · Four Acts



A Road That Outlives the Ascent

Thousands of cyclists climb Coll de Rates every month.

Some chase personal records.

Some ride it once during a holiday.

Others return year after year.

But the road itself remains unchanged — limestone, cloud, wind, and the narrowing passage near the summit that has shaped movement through this landscape for centuries.

Our project does not attempt to explain the road.

It simply marks that we encountered it.



The Coll de Rates · Four Acts Collection

The Four Acts artworks are available as:

  • Limited studio prints

  • Organic cotton T-shirts

  • White studio garments printed in small batches

You can explore the collection here:



Coll de Rates — A Road Worth Knowing

If you ride the Costa Blanca, you will eventually find yourself climbing Coll de Rates.

Some riders remember the effort.

Others remember the view.

And some remember something harder to describe — a moment when the road seems to ask a quiet question.

The Four Acts project began with that moment.





 
 
 
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